Richard Evans Schultes was a 20th century biologist who studied medicinal and toxic plants used by Indigenous peoples in the Americas. Throughout his career, he advocated for conservation of the Amazon rainforest to protect both the plants living there and the traditional ecological knowledge held by the Indigenous communities that used them. Chrissy Moore, curator of the National Arboretum’s National Herb Garden, reflected on Schultes’ career and ethnobotanical contributions in a recent blog from The Herb Society of America.